Articles

by Lloyd C. Irland 
(this is the fifth article in a series by Lloyd C. Irland, orginally published in the February 2016 issue of Maine Woodlands).

     Our history books talk of periodic peasant revolts that shaped history, toppling dynasties, exacting concessions, or, more often, ending in bloody suppressions and changing nothing.  Grievances over the forests played a role in many of them. We’ve seen the complex evolution of common rights in medieval Europe’s forests. These rights became increasingly unworkable and even dysfunctional in times of prosperity, widening trade, urbanization, and increasing population. About the year 1000 . . .

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by Lloyd C. Irland
(This is the fourth in a series of articles by Lloyd C. Irland, and was initially published in the December issue of Maine Woodlands).  

     So far this series has noted the obsession of medieval lords with the deer, boar, and game birds of the forest. We’ve paid less attention to how the common folk of the villages used the forest for food.  I was tempted to call this, “Forest and Kitchen,” but then realized the people we speak of had no kitchens.

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(This article is the third in a series by Lloyd C. Irland, and was originally published in the November issue of Maine Woodlands).

In the Middle Ages, most farms consisted of scattered patches with rights to plow, graze pigs, cut wood, or harvest honey. A manor held by a minor lord might include several villages, each with a few dozen farms, tilled by villeins bound to the land . . . .

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 (The second article of a series by Lloyd C. Irland, this article was originally printed in the October issue on Maine Woodlands).  

Medieval kings and feudal landholders tightly controlled rights to hunt on their land. Rules were detailed, making Maine’s book of hunting and fishing regulations look . . .

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by Llyod C. Irland

(This article is the first in a series, and was originally published in the September issue of Maine Woodlands). 

Newspapers and magazines have been reminding us it’s the 800th anniversary of the Magna Carta, the “Great Charter” signed under duress by King John in 1215.  It turns out that, in addition to protecting the traditional rights of the barons, it also created medieval forest rights that are still with us today.  

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